Jerrold Kemp Model

A continuous cycle of instructional design where steps such as objectives, content sequencing, instructional strategies, and evaluations are interconnected and revisited throughout the process.

Step-by-Step Walkthrough of the Kemp Model

1. Identify instructional problems and specify goals

This step focuses on understanding the learning gap and defining overall learning goals.

Example: A company notices that new employees struggle with using a complex internal software. The goal is to create a training program that helps them become proficient in the software within 30 days.

2. Examine learner characteristics

This step involves analysing the learners’ needs, background, prior knowledge, and preferences to create effective learning experiences.

Example: New employees might have different levels of tech-savviness. Some may prefer interactive e-learning, while others might benefit from guided video tutorials.

3. Identify subject content and analyse task components

Here, designers break down the subject matter and identify key knowledge and skills that need to be taught.

Example: For software training, key components might include:

  • Logging in and navigating the dashboard
  • Performing key functions (e.g., data entry, report generation)
  • Troubleshooting common issues

4. State instructional objectives

Clearly define measurable learning outcomes aligned with Bloom’s Taxonomy.

Example: "By the end of the training, employees will be able to generate a report using the software with 95% accuracy."

5. Sequence content logically

Decide the best order of instruction to facilitate learning, whether it’s simple to complex, prerequisite-based, or problem-solving driven.

Example: The training might start with basic navigation, followed by performing simple tasks, and then move to complex functions.

6. Design instructional strategies

Choose teaching methods that suit the learning objectives and audience (e.g., case studies, hands-on practice, simulations, gamification).

Example: The training could include interactive walkthroughs, scenario-based challenges, and guided practice sessions.

7. Plan instructional message and delivery

Determine the best way to present the content (e.g., video, text, animations, live sessions).

Example: A mix of interactive e-learning modules and short explainer videos could be used to maximise engagement.

8. Develop the instructional content and activities

Create the content needed to guide the learner through the topics, activities and assessments. Identify tools, materials, and people needed to support instruction.

Example: The training might require rich text, videos and exercises within a learning management system (LMS). Facilitated sessions will access to mentors, experts or trainers.

9. Develop evaluation instruments

Design assessments and feedback mechanisms to measure learning effectiveness.

Example: A post-training quiz and a practical task where learners must complete a real-world task in the software.

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Explainer

The Jerrold Kemp Model is a comprehensive instructional design framework that emphasises a systematic approach to creating effective learning experiences. It consists of multiple components, including identifying learner needs, defining learning objectives, and evaluating outcomes. This model encourages collaboration between educators and learners, ensuring the development of relevant and engaging content. By focusing on ongoing assessment and revision, the Kemp Model promotes continuous improvement in instructional practices. Utilising such a structured format enhances the quality of educational programmes, ultimately leading to better learner engagement and success.

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Suitable for

The Jerrold Kemp Model is ideal for less experienced instructional designers due to its comprehensive, systematic approach. It emphasises defining learning objectives, analysing learners, and assessing outcomes, which guides educators in creating effective instructional programmes. This model's flexibility allows for easy adaptation across various contexts, making it suitable for novice designers seeking clarity and structure in their instructional design process.

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Unsuitable for

The Jerrold Kemp Model may be unsuitable for less experienced instructional designers when addressing complex educational needs or creating comprehensive curricula. Its emphasis on detailed analysis and planning may overwhelm novices, leading to ineffective course design. Instead, simpler frameworks or iterative approaches can empower educators to develop effective learning experiences without the intricate layers involved in the Kemp Model. This ensures clarity and confidence in designing engaging educational materials for diverse learners.

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Example

The Jerrold Kemp Model emphasises a systematic approach to instructional design, focusing on learner needs and the educator's goals. For instance, when developing an online course on digital marketing, an educator should assess learner prerequisites, define clear objectives, design engaging content, implement effective strategies, and evaluate outcomes. This iterative process ensures a learner-centred experience, fostering engagement and knowledge retention while aligning with educational standards.

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Benefits

The Jerrold Kemp Model offers a systematic framework for instructional design, enhancing clarity and effectiveness. By focusing on defining goals, analysing learners, and designing engaging content, it promotes a learner-centred approach. This model encourages continuous evaluation, allowing educators to refine their strategies based on learner feedback. Incorporating both formative and summative assessments ensures instructional effectiveness and alignment with desired outcomes, making it a valuable tool for any instructional designer aiming for successful educational experiences.

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Risks

While the Jerrold Kemp Model is structured and comprehensive, its rigidity can hinder creativity in instructional design. Overemphasis on each step may lead to neglecting learner engagement and flexibility. Additionally, the model’s complexity can overwhelm educators, causing inconsistent implementation. Ultimately, it’s vital to adapt the model to suit specific contexts, ensuring that the learning experience remains dynamic and responsive to learners' needs.

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